Refrigerant R290: yana kawo lokacin haskakawa

A cikin 2022, Refrigerant R290 a ƙarshe ya fito azaman mai wasan kwaikwayo. A farkon rabin shekarar, Hukumar Kula da Kayan Wutar Lantarki ta Duniya (IEC) ta amince da fadada iyakar cajin da aka halatta na R290 a cikin cikakkun kayan aiki. Tsakanin karuwar dumama famfo mai zafi a Turai, R290 ya sami kulawa sosai a sashin famfo mai zafi. A bangaren kamfanoni ma, an sami ci gaba mai kyau da yawa, tare da Midea ta ƙaddamar da na'urar sanyaya iska ta R290 ta farko a duniya tare da Ƙarfin Ƙarfi na 1.

Yayin da kiran da ake yi a duniya don yunƙurin samar da ƙananan carbon ya ƙaru a cikin 2023, R290 yana shirye don jawo hankalin ma fi girma da kuma samar da sabbin damar ci gaba.

R290, wanda kuma aka sani da propane, shine na'urar sanyaya ruwa ta ruwa wanda za'a iya samu kai tsaye daga iskar gas mai ruwa. Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin sanyi na roba kamar freons, tsarin kwayoyin R290 ba ya ƙunshe da zarra na chlorine, yana mai da darajarsa ta Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) sifili, don haka yana kawar da haɗarin raguwar Layer ozone. Bugu da ƙari, idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan HFC, waɗanda kuma ba sa cutar da layin ozone, R290 yana alfahari da ƙimar yuwuwar ɗumamar Duniya (GWP) kusa da sifili, yana rage haɗarin "sakamako na greenhouse."

Duk da ƙayyadaddun takaddun shaidar sa dangane da GWP da ODP, R290 refrigerant ya fuskanci takaddama mai dorewa saboda rarrabuwar sa a matsayin firiji mai ƙonewa na A3, wanda ke hana yaɗuwar sa a kasuwannin yau da kullun.

Koyaya, 2022 ya kawo canji mai kyau game da wannan. A cikin Mayu 2022, IEC ta sanar a kan shafin yanar gizon ta cewa an amince da daftarin IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, "Musamman buƙatun don famfunan zafi, na'urorin sanyaya iska, da na'urorin dehumidifiers," gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana nuna yarjejeniya a cikin ƙa'idodin IEC don ƙara yawan adadin R290 da sauran firji masu ƙonewa a cikin na'urorin kwantar da iska na gida, famfunan zafi, da na'urorin cire humidifiers.

Lokacin da ake tambaya game da ka'idodin IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, Li Tingxun, farfesa a Jami'ar Sun Yat-sen kuma memba na Rukunin Aiki 21, ya fayyace: -2-40 ED7 yana gabatar da ƙarin sassauci ta hanyar la'akari da ainihin yanayin samfuran yanzu, ta hanyar aiwatar da matakan tsaro kamar haɓaka haɓakar iska da ɗaukar ƙirar zirga-zirgar iska, daidai da haɓaka matsakaicin adadin A2 da A3 refrigerants, mai yuwuwar kaiwa sama. ku 988g.

Wannan ci gaban ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a cikin karɓar refrigerant R290 a cikin masana'antar famfo mai zafi. Da fari dai, ka'idojin kwampreso don dumama ruwan famfo mai zafi sun haɗa buƙatun don refrigerant R290. Daga baya, a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2023, sabbin matakan tallafin tarayya na Jamus don gine-gine masu inganci da makamashi sun fara aiki. Wannan asusu na nufin ba da tallafi ga maye gurbin tsarin dumama a wuraren da aka gina. Don samun cancantar waɗannan tallafin, samfuran famfo mai zafi dole ne su sami Coefficient of Performance (COP) sama da 2.7 kuma a caje su da firigeren halitta. A halin yanzu, R290 shine farkon firji na halitta da ake amfani dashi a cikin kayan aikin famfo mai zafi na zama a Turai. Tare da aiwatar da wannan manufar tallafin, samfuran famfo mai zafi ta amfani da R290 ana sa ran samun karɓuwa sosai.

Kwanan nan, an yi nasarar gudanar da wani taron tattaunawa na fasaha da ke mai da hankali kan firiji da R290. Emerson da Highly sune masu goyon bayan fasahar R290. A wajen taron, wakilin Emerson ya bayyana cewa, yin amfani da kwarewar da kamfanin ke da shi a fasahar refrigerant na R290, sun samar da jerin kwampressors na Copeland R290, wanda ke rufe tsayayyen sauri, saurin canzawa, a kwance, a tsaye, da kuma ƙananan amo, suna ba da kyauta. keɓance hanyoyin fasaha don saduwa da buƙatu iri-iri na sassan kasuwar famfo zafi na Turai. Highly Electric, tare da ƙware sama da shekaru goma a cikin ɓangaren famfo mai zafi, ya buɗe wasu na'urori na musamman na R290 waɗanda aka keɓance don kasuwar Turai. Waɗannan samfuran ba kawai abokantaka na muhalli ba ne, har ma suna alfahari da GWP mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, manyan jeri na aiki, babban aminci, da inganci, gabaɗaya suna magance bukatun kasuwar famfo zafi na Turai da tallafawa canjin makamashi na yankin.

7 ga Satumba, 2022, kuma ta kasance muhimmiyar rana don R290 refrigerant. A wannan rana, sabon na'urar sanyaya iska ta farko ta farko a duniya ta hanyar amfani da refrigerant R290 ya birkice layin samarwa a masana'antar Wuhu ta Midea, yana samar da sabuwar hanya ga masana'antar don cimma burin "dual carbon". An fahimci cewa APF (Annual Performance Factor) na Midea's sabuwar haɓaka R290 sabon ingantaccen makamashi mai inganci sa 1 inverter iska ya kai 5.29, wanda ya zarce ma'auni na ƙasa don sabon ƙimar ingancin makamashi na 1 da 5.8%. Jerin ya zo a cikin nau'i biyu: 1HP da 1.5HP, kuma ya sami takardar shedar lafiya da tsafta ta farko ta masana'antar.

A halin yanzu, R290 refrigerant ya sami ci gaba a fannoni kamar busar da tufafi da masu yin kankara. Dangane da bayanan da kungiyar na'urorin lantarki ta gida ta kasar Sin ta bayar, bangaren samar da kankara ya kusan canzawa zuwa na'urar sanyaya R290 a cikin shekara ko biyu da ta gabata, tare da fitar da kusan raka'a miliyan 1.5 kowace shekara. Girman kasuwa na R290 na busar da kayan zafi shima ya tashi cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wanda ya kai kashi 80% a cikin 2020 tare da adadin samar da raka'a miliyan 3.

A cikin 2023, jagorar maƙasudin "carbon dual", refrigerant R290, tare da fa'idodin ƙarancin carbon ɗin sa, yana shirye ya haskaka ko da haske fiye da da.