R290 firigo: usheri mugihe cyayo cyihariye

Muri 2022, firigo R290 yaje kugaragara nkumukinnyi winyenyeri. Mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka, Komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’amashanyarazi (IEC) yemeye kwagura amafaranga yemewe y’amafaranga 290 mu bikoresho byuzuye. Mu gihe ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya pompe mu Burayi, R290 bwitabiriwe cyane mu rwego rwa pompe y’ubushyuhe. Kuruhande rwibigo, nabwo, habaye iterambere ryinshi, Midea yatangije icyuma cya R290 cyambere kwisi hamwe nicyiciro cya 1 cyingufu.

Mugihe isi yose ihamagarira ibikorwa bya karubone nkeya mu 2023, R290 yiteguye gukurura abantu benshi no kuzana amahirwe mashya yiterambere.

R290, izwi kandi nka propane, ni firigo ya hydrocarubone isanzwe ishobora kuboneka biturutse kuri gaze ya peteroli. Ugereranije na firigo ya sintetike nka freons, imiterere ya molekuline ya R290 ntabwo irimo atome ya chlorine, bigatuma Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) ifite agaciro ka zeru, bityo bikuraho ibyago byo kugabanuka kwa ozone. Byongeye kandi, iyo ugereranije nibintu bya HFC, nabyo bitangiza ibyatsi bya ozone, R290 ifite agaciro ka Global Warming Potential (GWP) igera kuri zeru, bikagabanya ingaruka ziterwa n "ingaruka za parike."

Nubwo ifite ibyangombwa bitagira inenge mu bijyanye na GWP na ODP, firigo R290 yahuye n’impaka zikomeje kubera ko yashyizwe mu majwi nka firigo ya A3 yaka umuriro, bikabuza kwamamara ku masoko rusange.

Ariko, 2022 yazanye impinduka nziza muriki kibazo. Muri Gicurasi 2022, IEC yatangaje ku rubuga rwayo rwa interineti ko umushinga wa IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, "Ibisabwa cyane cyane kuri pompe z’ubushyuhe, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha, ndetse n’ibyangiza," byemejwe ku bwumvikane. Ibi bisobanura ubwumvikane mubipimo bya IEC kugirango hongerwe amafaranga yuzuye ya R290 hamwe nandi mafiriti yaka umuriro mubikoresho byo mu rugo, pompe yubushyuhe, hamwe na dehumidifiseri.

Li Tingxun, umwarimu wungirije muri kaminuza ya Sun Yat-sen akaba n'umwe mu bagize itsinda ry’imirimo 21, abajije ibijyanye n’ibipimo bya IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, IEC 60335 -2-4 kugeza kuri 988g. "

Iterambere ryongereye imbaraga mu iterambere rya firigo R290 mu nganda zivoma ubushyuhe. Ubwa mbere, ibipimo bya compressor kubushyuhe bwa pompe yubushyuhe bwamazi yashizemo ibisabwa kuri firigo R290. Nyuma, ku ya 1 Mutarama 2023, ingamba nshya z’Ubudage zatewe inkunga n’inyubako zikoresha ingufu n’ingufu zitangira gukurikizwa. Iki kigega kigamije gutera inkunga gusimbuza sisitemu yo gushyushya ibidukikije byubatswe. Kugira ngo wemererwe n’izo nkunga, ibicuruzwa bivoma ubushyuhe bigomba kugira Coefficient de Performance (COP) hejuru ya 2.7 kandi bikishyurwa na firigo karemano. Kugeza ubu, R290 niyo firigo yambere ikoreshwa mubikoresho byo gupompa ubushyuhe bwo gutura muburayi. Hamwe nogushyira mubikorwa iyi politiki yinkunga, ibicuruzwa bivoma pompe ukoresheje R290 biteganijwe ko bizakirwa henshi.

Vuba aha, inama ya tekinike yibanze kuri firigo ya R290 na pompe yubushyuhe byakozwe neza. Emerson na Byinshi ni abashyigikira ikoranabuhanga R290. Muri iyi nama nyunguranabitekerezo, uhagarariye Emerson yavuze ko gukoresha ubunararibonye bw’isosiyete mu ikoranabuhanga rya firigo R290, bakoze urutonde rw’imashini ya Copeland umuzingo R290, ikubiyemo umuvuduko uhamye, uhindagurika-umuvuduko, utambitse, uhagaritse, n’urusaku ruke, batanga yashizeho ibisubizo bya tekiniki kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byamasoko yubushyuhe bwiburayi. Amashanyarazi menshi, hamwe nubuhanga burenga imyaka icumi murwego rwa pompe yubushyuhe, yashyize ahagaragara compressor nyinshi zidasanzwe za R290 zagenewe isoko ryiburayi. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo byangiza ibidukikije gusa ahubwo birata na GWP ultra-low, ibikorwa byinshi, kwizerwa cyane, no gukora neza, bikemura byimazeyo ibikenewe ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’uburayi by’uburayi no gushyigikira impinduka z’ingufu z’akarere.

Ku ya 7 Nzeri 2022, wari n'umunsi w'ingenzi kuri firigo ya R290. Kuri uyumunsi, icyambere gishya cyogukoresha ingufu zo mucyiciro cya mbere cyogukoresha icyuma gikonjesha ukoresheje firigo ya R290 cyavuye kumurongo w’umusaruro ku ruganda rwa Wuhu rwa Midea, gitanga uburyo bushya bw’inganda kugira ngo bugere ku ntego za "karuboni ebyiri". Byumvikane ko APF (Annual Performance Factor) ya Midea iherutse gutunganywa na R290 nshya y’ingufu zo mu rwego rwa 1 inverter yo mu kirere igera kuri 5.29, irenga igipimo cy’igihugu cy’icyiciro cya mbere cy’ingufu zikoreshwa mu cyiciro cya 1 na 5.8%. Urukurikirane ruje muburyo bubiri: 1HP na 1.5HP, kandi rwabonye impamyabumenyi yambere yubuzima n’isuku.

Hagati aho, firigo R290 imaze gutera imbere mubice nko kumisha imyenda no gukora urubura. Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, urwego rw’ibicuruzwa bikora urubura rwahindutse rwose muri firigo R290 mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri ishize, buri mwaka umusaruro ugera kuri miliyoni 1.5. Ingano yisoko R290 yumye yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi nayo yazamutse vuba mumyaka yashize, bingana na 80% muri 2020 hamwe numusaruro wa miriyoni 3.

Mu 2023, iyobowe nintego za "dual carbone", firigo R290, hamwe nibyiza byayo bya karuboni nkeya, yiteguye kumurika ndetse kuruta mbere.