I-R290 yefriji: ingenisa ixesha layo elibalulekileyo

Ngo-2022, ifriji ye-R290 ekugqibeleni yavela njengomdlali obalaseleyo. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, i-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) yavuma ukwandisa umda ovumelekileyo wentlawulo wama-R290 kwizixhobo ezipheleleyo. Ngexesha lokufudumeza kwempompo yobushushu eYurophu, i-R290 ifumene ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lempompo yobushushu. Kwicala leshishini, kwakhona, bekukho izinto ezininzi ezintle eziphuhlileyo, apho iMidea isungule i-airconditioner yokuqala ye-R290 yehlabathi ene-Energy Efficiency Class 1.

Njengoko ikhwelo lehlabathi jikelele lamanyathelo ekhabhoni ephantsi lisiya liqina ngo-2023, i-R290 ikulungele ukutsala ingqalelo enkulu ngakumbi kwaye izise amathuba amatsha ophuhliso.

I-R290, ekwaziwa njenge-propane, sisikhenkcisi se-hydrocarbon yendalo enokufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kwirhasi ye-petroleum engamanzi. Xa kuthelekiswa neefriji zokwenziwa ezifana nefreon, imolekyuli ye-R290 ayinazo iiathom zeklorin, inika ixabiso layo le-Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) elinguziro, ngaloo ndlela isusa umngcipheko wokuphela kwe-ozone layer. Ngaphaya koko, xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ze-HFC, ezingalonakalisiyo umaleko we-ozone, i-R290 iqhayisa ngexabiso leGlobal Warming Potential (GWP) elisondele ku-zero, ithomalalisa umngcipheko "wempembelelo yegreenhouse."

Ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso zayo ezigqibeleleyo ngokwe-GWP kunye ne-ODP, i-R290 yefriji ijongene nempikiswano eqhubekayo ngenxa yokuhlelwa kwayo njenge-A3 yefriji enokutsha, ithintela ukwamkelwa kwayo ngokubanzi kwiimarike eziqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, u-2022 uzise utshintsho oluhle kulo mba. NgoMeyi ka-2022, i-IEC yabhengeza kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni ukuba idrafti ye-IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, "Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zeempompo zokushisa, i-air-conditioners, kunye ne-dehumidifiers," zivunywe ngazwi linye. Oku kubonisa imvumelwano phakathi kwemigangatho ye-IEC yokwandisa izixa-mali zokuzalisa ezingama-R290 kunye nezinye izikhenkcezisi ezinokutsha kwi-air-conditioner yasekhaya, iimpompo zobushushu, kunye nezinto zokukhupha amanzi.

Xa ubuza malunga nemigangatho ye-IEC 60335-2-40 ED7, u-Li Tingxun, unjingalwazi onxulumene neYunivesithi yase-Sun Yat-sen kunye nelungu leQela eliSebenzayo le-21, wachaza: "Xa ubala ubuninzi bexabiso lokuzaliswa kweefriji ze-A2 kunye ne-A3, i-IEC 60335 -2-40 ED7 yazisa ukuguquguquka okungaphezulu ngokuqwalasela iimeko zangempela zeemveliso ngoku, ngokuzalisekisa amanyathelo okhuseleko afana nokuphucula umoya wemveliso kunye nokwamkela ukuyila okujikelezayo komoya, ngokufanelekileyo ukunyusa ubuninzi bokuzaliswa kweefriji ze-A2 kunye ne-A3, ezinokufikelela phezulu. ukuya ku-988g.

Olu phuhliso luqhubele phambili inkqubela phambili ekwamkelweni kwe-R290 yefriji kwishishini lempompo yobushushu. Okokuqala, imigangatho yecompressor yeempompo zokufudumeza izifudumezi zamanzi idityaniswe neemfuno ze-R290 yefriji. Emva koko, nge-1 kaJanuwari 2023, amanyathelo amatsha enkxaso-mali yaseJamani kwizakhiwo eziluhlaza nezonga umbane waqalisa ukusebenza. Le ngxowa-mali ijolise ekuxhaseni ukutshintshwa kweenkqubo zokufudumeza kwiindawo ezakhiweyo. Ukuze ufanelekele ezi nkxaso-mali, iimveliso zempompo yokufudumala kufuneka zibe ne-Coefficient of Performance (COP) ngaphezu kwe-2.7 kwaye zihlawulwe ngeefriji zendalo. Okwangoku, i-R290 sesona sikhenkcezisi sendalo sisetyenziswa kwisixhobo sempompo yokufudumeza kwindawo yokuhlala eYurophu. Ngokuphunyezwa kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso-mali, iimveliso zempompo yobushushu ezisebenzisa i-R290 kulindeleke ukuba zifumane ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi.

Kutshanje, i-symposium yobugcisa egxile kwi-R290 yesikhenkcisi kunye neempompo zobushushu ibanjwe ngempumelelo. U-Emerson kunye no-Highly bangabaxhasi abasebenzayo bobuchwephesha be-R290. Kwisimpoziyam, ummeli ka-Emerson wathi ukusebenzisa amava abanzi enkampani kwi-R290 yetekhnoloji yesikhenkcisi, baye baphuhlisa uthotho lweecompressor ze-Copeland scroll R290, ezigubungela isantya esisisigxina, isantya esiguquguqukayo, esithe tyaba, esithe nkqo, kunye neemodeli ezinengxolo ephantsi. izisombululo zobugcisa ezilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo emarike yempompo yobushushu yaseYurophu. UMbane oPhezulu, ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi yobungcali kwicandelo lempompo yobushushu, uveze iicompressor zempompo yobushushu ezithe ngqo ezixabisa i-R290 ezenzelwe imarike yaseYurophu. Ezi mveliso azinabungozi kokusingqongileyo kuphela kodwa zikwaqhayisa nge-GWP ephantsi kakhulu, uluhlu olubanzi lokusebenza, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukujongana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemakethi yempompo yobushushu yaseYurophu kunye nokuxhasa utshintsho lwamandla aluhlaza kulo mmandla.

NgoSeptemba 7, 2022, yayilusuku olubalulekileyo lwefriji ye-R290. Ngolu suku, i-airconditioner entsha yehlabathi yokuqala esebenzayo yebanga loku-1 esebenzisa isikhenkcezisi esingama-R290 saqengqeleka saphuma kumzi-mveliso waseMidea eWuhu, sibonelela ngendlela entsha kraca yoshishino ukuphumeza iinjongo "zekhabhoni ezimbini". Kuyaqondwa ukuba i-APF (Annual Performance Factor) ye-Midea entsha esanda kuphuhliswa i-inverter air conditioner eyi-R290 ifikelele ku-5.29 ifikelele kwi-5.29, igqitha kumgangatho wesizwe wokonga amandla amatsha kwibakala loku-1 nge-5.8%. Olu luhlu luza kwiimodeli ezimbini: 1HP kunye ne-1.5HP, kwaye sele ifumene isiqinisekiso sokuqala sempilo kunye nococeko kushishino.

Ngeli xesha, isikhenkcisi sama-R290 senza inkqubela kwiindawo ezifana nezomisi mpahla kunye nezo zokwenza umkhenkce. Ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwe yi-China Household Electrical Appliances Association, icandelo lemveliso yomenzi womkhenkce liphantse latshintshela ngokupheleleyo kwi-R290 yesikhenkcisi kunyaka okanye emibini edlulileyo, ngesiphumo sonyaka esimalunga ne-1.5 yezigidi zeeyunithi. Ubungakanani bemalike yee-R290 zokomisa iimpahla zempompo yobushushu bunyuke ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka yakutsha nje, bubalelwa kuma-80% ngo-2020 nomthamo wemveliso ozizigidi ezi-3 zeeyunithi.

Ngo-2023, ikhokelwa ziinjongo "ezimbini zekhabhoni", i-R290 yefriji, enezinto zayo eziluncedo zekhabhoni ephantsi, ilungele ukuqaqamba ngakumbi kunangaphambili.